The assessment is carried out by using the Atrax 2.0 model. Even though the model is based on Swedish reference data, the same method is applicable to identify and evaluate local risk factors for Finland.
Based on existing water bodies, we have identified coastlines and waterlines for a data layer regarding erosion. Please note that this is a geographic starting point. The model does not take into account geological data (such as soil or rock type) or oceanographic data, and therefore it does not show the actual erosion risk or ongoing erosion rates.
Landslides and erosion represent different types of risks that are impacted by climate change, primarily linked to increased precipitation. In Sweden erosion, or the transport and environmental wear of land and rock, occurs mainly along waterlines and during high and during high flows in watercourses.
Rockfalls involve the free movement of blocks, stone, gravel and sand. They typically occur on cliff faces and steep gravel or sand slopes. Like landslides, rockfalls can occur without warning. https://www.sgu.se/samhallsplanering/risker/skred-och-ras/.
A landslide is a mass of soil and rock that begins to move down a slope. Landslides occur primarily in soil types consisting of silt or clay. They can also occur in silty or clayey moraine where the ground is saturated with water. In comparison with rockfalls, landslides mobilise much larger volumes of landmass with greater energy, therefore having a more significant impact on the surrounding land.
Rockfalls on the other hand are smaller in scale and they are generally easier to predict and detect with elevation models etc. Therefore a greater buffer zone may be warranted for landslide risk in comparison to rockfalls and erosion. Additionally, a steeper slope is assumed to increase the risk of landslides and rockfalls.
Erosion |
|
Distance (m) | Further than 250 m from a designated risk area (sea, lake, watercourse) |
Distance (m) | Within 50-250 m from a designated risk area (sea, lake, watercourse) |
Distance (m) | Within a designated risk area (sea, lake, watercourse) |
Custom | Previous rockfall activity |